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COMMUNICATION

What is Communication

Communication is a process by which people send messages or exchange ideas or thoughts with one another in a verbal or non-verbal manner.
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  • It is also the sending and receiving of messages.

Modes Of Communication

  • It is any type of message that involves a written word.
  • Postal mail
  • Newspaper
  • Short message service.
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Verbal Communication

  • It is the use of sounds and words to express oneself instead of using gestures and mannerisms.
  • Face to face
  • Telephone/mobile phone
  • Conference

Importance of communication

  • Helps in socializing.         
  • Information is exchanged and passed from one person to another.
  • Can reach clients easily.
  • Easy exchange of ideas through the use of different mediums
  • .Business man can easily reach each other.

In Business

Postal Communication Services

These are services offered by post office
Ordinary Mail
  • Used to send and receive letter.
  • Each letter is charged for its weight and distance.
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Advantages:
  • It is cheap.
  • The record of the information can be kept.
Disadvantages:
  • Slow
  • Can be used by people who are able to read.
Registered Mail
  • It is used for sending valuables such as money and very important information or expensive material.
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Advantages:
  • It is cheaper.
  • It has a wide coverage.
  • Ensures that they keep the record of the delivery of the letter.
  • They offer compensation when the mail is lost.
Disadvantages:
  • Expensive.
  • Slow.
  • Useful for literate only.
Express Mail
  • Urgent messages are sent using express mail.
  • Express mail service can be made available upon the request of both sender and receiver.
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Advantages:
  • It is fast.
Disadvantages:
  • It is expensive.
Post Boxes
  • Used by those who want to receive their mail.
  • Do not show their identity or address.
  • They are usually found in Post Offices
  • Every individual has their own key.
  • All mails are placed in boxes by the Post Office, then are collected by box owners.
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Franked Mail/Prepaid Mail
  • The service is made available when it is requested.
  • Used by people who send mails more frequently.
  • A franking machine is used to print stamps.
  • It has a meter which counts the number of stamps printed.
  • Rent is paid for the machine and stamps used.
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Air Mail
  • Documents /letters are sent abroad using Air Mail.
  • It is faster over long distances.
  • A certain fee is paid to send with air mail.
Sender has to write AIR MAIL on envelope.
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Parcel Service
  • Used to send or receive goods of small size or weight.
  • Goods are placed in cardboard box with name of receiver.
  • The parcel is accepted by the post office.
  • Consignment note is signed.
  • It carries the amount, name of receiver and cargo details.
  • There is a cargo number that is used to track it.
  • Payment is done according to distance and weight of cargo.
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Data post
  • A computer is involved in the sending and receiving of goods/ data.
  • Data or packages are delivered to customers as quickly as possible.
  • Important and urgent information reach users faster.
  • Data post nowadays has been overtaken by other telecommunication services such as internet.
  • Usually used by sales man or business man who work for a long time away from home or offices.
  • They collect their letter from the Post office.
  • Letters are not delivered to them.
  • Letters will be written Post Restante.
  • When collecting the letter the owner needs to show their identity.
BUSINESS REPLY
  • It is used by big businesses.
  • They get the license from the Post Office so that their customers will be able to respond to them without paying any money to the Post.
  • Customers respond in huge numbers since they do not pay any money.
CASH ON DELIVERY

  • Payment is made upon delivery.
  • It is also called collect on delivery.
  • It is the selling of goods by mail.
  • Businesses send their goods through post offices and the customers will pay as they collect them.
  • This is an advantage to the sender as it does not allow credit.
  • Money paid by the customer is then sent to the business by the Post.
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Recorded Delivery
  • Documents are sent using Recorded delivery.
  • They have information on postage and delivery.
  •  When lost it can be easily traced.
  • It has a registered number.
  • They are delivered personally and checked on transit.
Expedited Mail Service
  • Faster means of sending items.
  • Safer to use.
  • Used to send valuables.
  • It is sent through the post office counter.
  • Three forms are filled.
    1. It is placed on the parcel.
    2. Kept in the post office.
    3. Given to sender.
  • It is expensive and the mail is transferred hand to hand.
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TELECOMMUNICATIONAL SERVICES

Telephone

Advantages
  • Always available.
  • It has a wide coverage.
  • It is speedy.
Disadvantages
  • Callers cannot see each other's facial expressions.
  • Call is only made by two people at a time.
  •  There is no record.
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Cellular phone

Advantages
  • Portable.
  • Some of these phones are now cheaper.
  • It has short message service.
  • It has Multi Media Service.
  • Internet.
  •  Allows for Payments of bills.
Disadvantages
  • New models are expensive.
  • Poor networks can distort important information.
  • Can operate where there is a boaster.
  • Battery needs to be charged frequently.
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Fax
It is a combination of a telephone and photocopying machine.
  • A document is fed into the machine.
  • The receiver will then receive a copy of the document.
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Advantages:
  • There is confirmation of communication.
  • It is fast.
  • The receiver receives the exact copy.
  • A record can be kept.
Disadvantages:
  •  It is expensive.
  •  Charges are based on time and distance.
  •  Sends only a few papers.
  • Its quality is not so good. It has limited life
Internet
  • It is a computer network that allows one to get variety of information and other different computer facilities.
The Internet benefits
  • Messages - low cost
  • Access to government information
  • Library of congress
  • Forum
  • Download documents and software
  • Electronic commerce
  • Access to newspapers, magazines and books


Intranet
  • It is a private network that is created using world wide web software.

Characteristics of Intranet
Intranet inherits all the merits of internet:
  1. Openness
  2. Easy of use
  3. Low cost
  4. Flexibility
  5. Scalability
  6. Innovation
Email
  • It is   a message sent from one computer to another using internet or any other network.
Advantages
  • Uses internet to send messages.
  • To send an email one must have an email address for example Nkala2807@gmail.com.
  • Allows attachment.
  • It is quick.
  • It is cheap.
Disadvantages
  • Both the sender and receiver should have email addresses.
  • Can contact viruses from other mails.
  • Distortion of information.
  • Requires computer literate people.
  • Other people can hack into your account.
Video Conference
  • It is a live exchange of information among people in different places linked by telecommunication system that is a television and internet.

ADVANTAGES
  • Recording can be erased and the tape can be re used.
  • The tape recorder is easy to operate as it has only a few controls.
  • The talks of well-known personalities can be recorded at a convenient place and brought to the school for replay to the student.
  • For teaching music, phonics, oral reading, poetry and recitations etc.Tape recorder is of immense values.
Radio Paging
  • It is a small radio that fits inside a pocket which is used to alert the user when there is a phone call.  
  • It is usually used in big organizations to communicate with the workers.
  • It calls out the name of the person wanted, or it says the announcement if it concerns everybody.
Supermarket, hotels, mines usually uses them.
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Payment Services
  • REFER TO MONEY AND BANKING

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